Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n l\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u1ec1n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u1ea9m d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u1edfng, n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n tr\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111i gi\u00e0y m\u1ecfng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n \u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o s\u1eb5n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. T\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m chen v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed9ng n\u1eefa l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng linh ho\u1ea1t t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 tr\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec7n, x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00f2ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hay trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng: th\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn qua ch\u00e2n xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ebfu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i t\u1eeb tay n\u00e0y sang tay kia ho\u1eb7c qua th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec v\u1eady th\u1ea3m lu\u00f4n d\u00f9ng k\u00e8m ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong quy tr\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh. Hi\u1ec7n nay, th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n cao su \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eeb cao su t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c cao su t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Cao su c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c, n\u00ean n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u quen thu\u1ed9c cho nh\u00f3m th\u1ea3m n\u00e0y. M\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn do ph\u00e9p th\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u00ean t\u1eebng l\u00f4 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng do b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u1eef cao su tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ea3m l\u00e0m t\u1eeb cao su t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t. Th\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1n cong, cu\u1ed9n tr\u00f2n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng hay n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c n\u1ec1n s\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m n\u00e0y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i cao, t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u00eam \u00e1i khi \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1edbi th\u1ea3m l\u00e0m t\u1eeb cao su t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pha th\u00eam c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 polymer v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eadt l\u00fd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ee5t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf. Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 gia d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n hay ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, v\u00ec b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u00e0 t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m sinh ra \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m. Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh trong ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, cao su s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u h\u00f3a \u2013 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m gia t\u0103ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m. Th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n cao su<\/strong> sau l\u01b0u h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ecbn ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e1m, t\u00f9y v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t hay t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ma s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n cao su l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111a l\u1edbp. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y chia vi\u1ec7c ra cho t\u1eebng l\u1edbp: l\u1edbp ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean, l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p th\u1eed ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n bao g\u1ed3m hai l\u1edbp ch\u00ednh: l\u1edbp tr\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u1edbp d\u01b0\u1edbi. L\u1edbp tr\u00ean l\u00e0 l\u1edbp ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3. Ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y hay b\u1ecb vi\u1ebft nh\u1ea7m trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: l\u1edbp tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ti\u00eau t\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch. Ti\u00eau t\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m h\u00e0ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eb3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. Th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u1edf m\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp tr\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u1edbp d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u1ea3m, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ng\u0103n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. L\u1edbp n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb cao su c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 qua l\u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cao, gi\u00fap kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngay c\u1ea3 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m d\u00e0y d\u1eb7n h\u01a1n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u00eam l\u1edbp gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u00e2m, c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t. L\u1edbp n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean ch\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00e2u nh\u01b0 trong tr\u1ea1m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec7n cao th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u1eef \u0111a l\u1edbp \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u1ec5 k\u00e9o theo m\u1ed9t suy di\u1ec5n nguy hi\u1ec3m, r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecfng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp th\u00ec v\u1eabn d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbp c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ea5p cho c\u1ea3 t\u1ea5m, n\u00ean khi m\u1eb7t th\u1ea3m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t, r\u00e1ch, th\u1ee7ng, ph\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9p hay bong l\u1edbp, t\u1ea5m \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed thao t\u00e1c ngay v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 quay l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu th\u1eed l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1t. L\u1edbp gi\u1eefa ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee1 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ecfi ch\u00e2n, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e1nh thay ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c, t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea5t th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng, d\u1ec5 t\u00e9 ng\u00e3 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n khi \u0111ang trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t lu\u00f4n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n cao su \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 ma s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m s\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ea3m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 v\u00e2n n\u1ed5i, g\u00e2n r\u00e3nh ho\u1eb7c g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng. Nh\u1eefng hoa v\u0103n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed9 ma s\u00e1t cao h\u01a1n khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng di chuy\u1ec3n, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb x\u00ea d\u1ecbch, tr\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u, gi\u1eef v\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu th\u1ea3m d\u00e0y d\u1eb7n h\u01a1n c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 th\u00eam l\u1edbp nh\u00e1m ho\u1eb7c cao su thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn khi \u0111\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ee9c kh\u00e1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u theo \u0111\u00fang ph\u1ea1m vi m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u th\u00e0nh mi\u1ec5n nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed5 l\u00ean n\u00f3. Cao su l\u01b0u h\u00f3a ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc, dung d\u1ecbch t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda lo\u00e3ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ng\u1eafn v\u1edbi d\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng d\u1ea7u kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 ng\u00e2m l\u00e2u v\u1eabn l\u00e0m cao su tr\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1edf, m\u1ec1m ra r\u1ed3i r\u1ea1n. \u1ede x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed hay khu v\u1ef1c hay \u0111\u1ed5 dung d\u1ecbch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u00e0 lau kh\u00f4 ngay sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n d\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m v\u00e0o di\u1ec7n soi k\u1ef9 h\u01a1n \u1edf k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m tra g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n, gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh, lau ch\u00f9i tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m c\u00f2n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng tia UV \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00f2n n\u1ee9t khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, ph\u00f2ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec7n quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf. V\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 1kV, lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y trung b\u00ecnh kho\u1ea3ng 3mm \u0111\u1ebfn 5mm, \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i ph\u1eb3ng s\u00e1t ch\u00e2n t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 v\u1eabn cu\u1ed9n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng, ho\u1eb7c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trang b\u1ecb th\u1ea3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng 5kV \u0111\u1ebfn 10kV, \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1edd v\u00e0o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9, th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng di chuy\u1ec3n, cu\u1ed9n g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n khi kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c khi c\u1ea7n mang theo thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ea3m v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ma s\u00e1t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n cao, gi\u00fap gi\u1eef t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng khi thao t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n trung th\u1ebf l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho nh\u1eefng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u01a1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eeb 1kV \u0111\u1ebfn 35kV, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, x\u01b0\u1edfng gia c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 cao t\u1ea7ng. V\u1edbi nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y, class th\u1ea3m v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p danh \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed thao t\u00e1c; con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n t\u1eebng t\u1ea5m ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y theo \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf cao trong khi v\u1eabn ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 xe \u0111\u1ea9y thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb qua l\u1ea1i. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, th\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd th\u1ea3m trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n trung th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c tai n\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n. Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n, khu v\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u2013 n\u01a1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u1ede \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a d\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua hay b\u1ecf s\u00f3t: b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a IEC 61111 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf class 4 v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u0111a 36kV, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 class n\u00e0o cao h\u01a1n. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u1edf tr\u1ea1m 110kV, 220kV hay 500kV, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng cho c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m class 4 tr\u1ea3i trong nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n hay tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ee7 trung th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u00fang cho ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1eb1m trong d\u1ea3i n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u1ede nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y, con s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0 class cao nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, k\u00e8m m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1eed ghi trong bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n. C\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o m\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa d\u1ea3i m\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e0o th\u1ea3m d\u00e0y b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng: \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 suy ra c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u th\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao su l\u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111a l\u1edbp, c\u00f3 b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u1ea3m class 4 c\u00f2n ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 va \u0111\u1eadp c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc trong ph\u00f2ng thao t\u00e1c. Vai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u1edfng: IEC, ASTM v\u00e0 TCVN ch\u1ec9 ban h\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed c\u00f9ng b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn cho t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m n\u00e0o. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1eed v\u00e0 k\u00fd bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb mua gi\u1eef trong h\u1ed3 s\u01a1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u1ede c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u00e0y, t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ecba l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng; t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m ch\u1ec9 chen v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn qua b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn. V\u00ec v\u1eady phi\u1ebfu c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i ghi t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi g\u0103ng, s\u00e0o v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ecba, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ghi ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng \u1edf gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 m\u1eabu m\u00e3, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1m v\u00e0o c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 \u0111i k\u00e8m l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n so\u00e1t khi nghi\u1ec7m thu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p m\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 tra sang class th\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. N\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n r\u1ea5t cao. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p qu\u00e1 cao so v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p danh \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ee9ng thao t\u00e1c, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu sang class th\u1ea3m theo b\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a IEC 61111 do nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1eebng suy ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m: d\u00e0y h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p cao h\u01a1n, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p th\u1eed ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu, h\u1ecfi lu\u00f4n nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111ang l\u1ea5y b\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0o. Trang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 61111 v\u1ec1 th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i s\u00e0n<\/a> cho bi\u1ebft b\u1ea3n \u0111ang hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n 2 n\u0103m 2009, thay cho b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c n\u0103m 1992 k\u00e8m b\u1ed5 sung n\u0103m 2002, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t th\u1ea3m. Chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n v\u00e2n n\u1ed5i ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e2u nay b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, trong khi n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u00e9p th\u1eed ri\u00eang n\u1eb1m c\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1edbi ph\u00e9p th\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p. Khi nh\u1eadn bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, xem c\u1ea3 hai ph\u1ea7n thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn d\u00f2ng ghi class.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kh\u00f4ng gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. V\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 hai b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n lu\u00f4n n\u1eb1m g\u1ecdn tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t th\u1ea3m k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f9i ho\u1eb7c xoay ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 1m \u0111\u1ebfn 1.2m, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb v\u00e0i m\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c m\u00e9t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f2n c\u1eaft th\u1ea3m theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t ri\u00eang cho t\u1eebng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 bao ph\u1ee7 khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea5t ngo\u00e0i th\u1ea3m khi thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u0103n, n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea5m d\u00e0i h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 \u0111i d\u1ecdc m\u1eb7t t\u1ee7 m\u00e0 ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng b\u01b0\u1edbc ra kh\u1ecfi th\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf qua nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng. Th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 IEC 61111 v\u00e0 ASTM D178. IEC 61111 ph\u00e2n th\u1ea3m theo class, m\u1ed7i class \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1eed v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u0111a; con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng t\u1ea5m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 trong bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u1eed k\u00e8m theo, kh\u00f4ng suy t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. Nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 class, lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u00e0y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 l\u00f4. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ea3m: kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t, bong tr\u00f3c, m\u00f9i cao su qu\u00e1 n\u1ed3ng (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf), ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft th\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i t\u1ed1t, d\u1ebbo dai, kh\u00f3 b\u1ecb r\u00e1ch khi k\u00e9o nh\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c u\u1ed1n cong. Th\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb co r\u00fat, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng sau khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c \u00e1nh n\u1eafng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m d\u00e0y d\u1eb7n h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam l\u1edbp ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, kh\u00e1ng d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1ng axit, d\u00f9ng cho khu v\u1ef1c hay \u0111\u1ed5 dung d\u1ecbch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ed9 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn c\u00f9ng l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng g\u1ed3m: h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n, gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9, gi\u1ea5y ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ghi r\u00f5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng class. Thi\u1ebfu bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u1eed th\u00ec t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu khi thanh tra an to\u00e0n h\u1ecfi t\u1edbi, d\u00f9 b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i tr\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u00f3m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang b\u00e0n trong b\u00e0i: h\u00e0ng thu\u1ed9c di\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/a><\/strong>, c\u00f3 class, c\u00f3 bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 chu k\u1ef3 th\u1eed l\u1ea1i. T\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng mang b\u1ed9 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec d\u00f9 c\u00f9ng m\u00e0u, c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng v\u00e2n n\u1ed5i, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u00f3m th\u1ee9 hai hay b\u1ecb l\u1eabn l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a>. Hai lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n: th\u1ea3m ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf trung gian v\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t qua d\u00e2y ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i, c\u00f2n th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf r\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Tr\u1ea3i nh\u1ea7m th\u1ea3m ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb mang \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o s\u1eb5n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u1ea3m c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp trong chu\u1ed7i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi thao t\u00e1c v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n g\u0103ng tay cao su c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a> \u0111\u00fang c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n th\u1eed, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c m\u00f3n kh\u00e1c trong nh\u00f3m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a>. \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean th\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng mua nh\u1ea7m: th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 an to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb mang \u0111i\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, gi\u1ea3m m\u1ecfi ch\u00e2n khi \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ea3 ca hay b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u00ec th\u1ea3m cao su l\u00f3t s\u00e0n<\/a> m\u1edbi l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang vi\u1ec7c \u2014 ch\u1ecdn theo \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi th\u1ea3m c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Th\u1ea3m C\u00e1ch \u0110i\u1ec7n C\u1eaft \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng D\u1eabn Xu\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ea5t Ra Sao Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng, an to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tai n\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":969,"featured_media":68015,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5386,5385,5383,5382,6934],"tags":[6802,210,707],"class_list":["post-68014","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-huong-dan","category-bai-viet-5-sao","category-hoi-dap","category-hoi-dap-su-kien","category-xoa-gsc","tag-an-toan-dien-cho-nguoi-lao-dong","tag-tham-cach-dien","tag-tham-cach-dien-cao-su"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68014","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/969"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68014"}],"version-history":[{"count":66,"href":"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68014\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":98003,"href":"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68014\/revisions\/98003"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/68015"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68014"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68014"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68014"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"T\u1ea5m](\"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/tham-cach-dien-22kv-loai-0-65-met-vuong-ATD0011.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
C\u1ea5u T\u1ea1o T\u1ea5m Th\u1ea3m V\u00e0 Vai Tr\u00f2 T\u1eebng L\u1edbp<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ea5t Li\u1ec7u Cao Su V\u00e0 C\u00f4ng \u0110o\u1ea1n L\u01b0u H\u00f3a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Thi\u1ebft K\u1ebf \u0110a L\u1edbp<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"Nhi\u1ec1u](\"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/tham-cach-dien-cao-su-cac-loai.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
B\u1ec1 M\u1eb7t Ch\u1ed1ng Tr\u01a1n Tr\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"Th\u1ea3m](\"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/tham-cach-dien-10kv-loai-0-65-met-vuong-atd0009_1.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
\u0110\u1ecdc Class Th\u1ea3m Theo C\u1ea5p \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00c1p Thao T\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ea3m C\u00e1ch \u0110i\u1ec7n H\u1ea1 Th\u1ebf D\u01b0\u1edbi 1kV<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"Th\u1ea3m](\"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/tham-cach-dien-10kv-loai-1-met-vuong-ATD0010.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
Th\u1ea3m C\u00e1ch \u0110i\u1ec7n Trung Th\u1ebf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ea3m C\u1ea5p Cao Nh\u1ea5t D\u1eebng \u1ede M\u1ee9c 36kV<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Nghi\u1ec7m Thu Th\u1ea3m V\u00e0 H\u1ed3 S\u01a1 Ph\u1ea3i C\u00f3 Khi Nh\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
![\"Cu\u1ed9n](\"https:\/\/www.baohoxanh.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/tham-cach-dien-ha-the.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
Ba Nh\u00f3m Th\u1ea3m Hay B\u1ecb Mua Nh\u1ea7m Cho Nhau<\/h2>\n\n\n\n